Thursday, May 16, 2019

MADAGASCAR Valiha Madagascar – ORTF / Ocora OCR 18

MADAGASCAR
Valiha Madagascar – ORTF / Ocora OCR 18, recorded by Charles Duvelle and Michel Razakandraina, 1963 (LP)
Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

Madagascar vanilla zither Merina Sakalava Bara Antanosy malagasy malgache ritual trance ancestors Betsimisaraka world music traditional music African music vinyl

This LP was ORTF/Ocora’s first release of Malagasy music “that bears witness to the presence of Indonesian, African, European, Islamic and Indian cultural influences,” emphasized Charles Duvelle (1937-2017) in the liner notes.

The album showcases the tubular valiha zither found throughout the island of Madagascar off of Africa’s southeastern coast. This 10- to 20-string instrument, originating from Indonesia, was initially played to invoke the ancestors, and was subsequently adopted by many ethnic groups, including the central-highland Merina aristocracy in the 19th century. The valiha comes in many different materials (bamboo, wood, raffia, metal, bamboo fiber strings, metal strings), shapes (tubular, rectangular) and sizes (60 cm-to-130 cm/24 in-50 in), and players sometimes use resonators to amplify its mellifluous sound. Either played as a lead instrument or used as a drone (A6-A7), valiha music runs the gamut from trance music to virtuoso playing and light music.

Side A features the valiha played by the Merina people from the central highlands (A1-A3), the Sakalava people from the western and northwest coastal regions (A4-A5), the Bara people from the southern highlands (here freeing someone possessed by a spirit entity) (A6), the Antanosy people from the west (A7), and the Betsimisaraka people from the northwestern coast (A8).

Side B presents more urban styles performed by skilled musicians that combine traditional Malagasy music with western harmonies. Artists include Rakotozafy (B1-B2), Sylvestre Randa-fison (B3-B5), and Maurice Halison (B6-B9), all of whom earned fame nationwide through National Radio broadcasts.

“Le matériel instrumental et la musique proprement dite à Madagascar témoignent actuellement de la présence d'éléments Indonésiens (au sens large, Océaniens), Africains, Européens, Islamiques et Indiens,” souligne Charles Duvelle (1937-2017).
 
Cet album présente la cithare tubulaire valiha que l’on retrouve dans l’ensemble de l’île située au large de la côte sud-est de l’Afrique. L’instrument originaire d’Indonésie, composé de 10 à 20 cordes, était au départ joué pour invoquer les ancêtres et fut par la suite adopté par de nombreuses ethnies, notamment l’aristocratie Mérina au XIXe siècle dans la région des hauts plateaux. Les valihas utilisent des matériaux très différents (bambou, bois, raphia, métal, cordes en fibre de bambou, cordes métalliques), ont des aspects (tubulaires, rectangulaires) et des tailles (60 à 130 cm) différents, et certains musiciens utilisent des résonateurs pour amplifier le son. Le valiha, qui peut être un instrument principal, d'accompagnement ou jouer le rôle de bourdon (A6-A7), exprime la transe, le lyrisme virtuose ou même la musique légère.  

La face A présente le valiha des Mérinas des hauts plateaux (A1-A3), des Sakalavas des régions côtières ouest et nord-ouest (A4-A5), des Baras des hauts plateaux du sud (libérant ici une personne possédée par une entité spirituelle) (A6), des Antanosy de l'ouest (A7) et des Betsimisaraka de la côte nord-ouest (A8).  

La face B présente des styles plus modernes et urbains interprétés par d’excellents musiciens qui associent la musique malgache traditionnelle avec l’harmonie occidentale : Rakotozafy (B1-B2), Sylvestre Randa-fison (B3-B5) et Maurice Halison (B6-B9) qui étaient connus dans tout le pays grâce aux émissions de la Radiodiffusion Nationale Malgache.
 

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2 comments:

  1. another fantastic piece of music. thanks

    ReplyDelete
  2. Thank you so much to give us the opportunity to listen these masterpieces !

    ReplyDelete